Everywhere in the world women live longer than men — but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn’t live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so more than men do today and why does this benefit increase in the past? The evidence is limited and Www.weddingwords.com/__media__/js/netsoltrademark.php?d=glorynote.com%2F%25D8%25A7%25D9%2581%25D8%25B6%25D9%2584-%25D9%2583%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D9%2585-%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B1%2F we’re only able to provide incomplete answers. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, However, we’re not sure how much the influence of each factor is.
In spite of the number of pounds, we know that a large portion of the reason why women live longer than men but not in the past, has to do with the fact that a number of significant non-biological elements have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women’s longevity disproportionately.
Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her brothers.
This chart shows that, even though women enjoy an advantage everywhere, cross-country differences can be significant. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan, the difference is less that half a year.
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In countries with high incomes, the women’s advantage in longevity was smaller
Let’s see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancy when they were born in the US during the period 1790 until 2014. Two points stand out.
The first is that there is an upward trend. Women and men in America have longer lives than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.
Second, the gap is widening: While the advantage of women in life expectancy was very small but it has risen significantly in the past.
You can verify that these principles are also applicable to other countries with information by clicking on the «Change country» option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.